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#todayinscience

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#TodayInScience

we are, slowly, starting to understand some of the basic biochemistry and genetics of #autism
Not clear if this will give people who are autisic "treatment" or "help" - I guess that is a difficult question I don't want to get into

mas.to/@cian@mstdn.science/113

mstdn.scienceCian O’Donnell (@cian@mstdn.science)Attached: 1 image Big fan of this plot showing ASD gene 'risk' on y-axis (i.e. the relative increase in diagnosis likelihood if you have a genetic variant) vs variant prevalence on x-axis (fraction of general population with that genetic variant). Some high-risk genes that are rare (top left) and other low-risk genes that are common in population. Common phenomenon seen in many disorders: high impact mutations don't often get propagated to the next generation. From Willsey et al 2022: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41583-022-00576-7
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OddOpinions5

#TodayInScience

If I read this right, the bacteria that live in your GI tract [ "microbiome " ] can convert certain chemicals, that yo might eat or breath, into new chemicals that are highly carcinogenic

Different people have different microbiomes, and these different microbiomes vary a lot in how well they make carcinogens

nature.com/articles/s41586-024

NatureGut microbiota carcinogen metabolism causes distal tissue tumours - NatureA study links environmental nitrosamines to bladder cancer through their metabolism by specific commensal microorganisms occurring in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and mice.
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OddOpinions5

#TodayInScience #Vaccines #AIDS #HIV
Most people get AIDS and die after HIV infection, because most people don't make antibodies that can stop HIV.

But we have known for more then 20 years that some people don't get AIDs, because they can produce very rare antibodies that block HIV

however, we have not been able to figure out how to make a vaccine that induces these very special antibodies in most people

well, that may change:
keep your fingers crossed

cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8

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OddOpinions5

#TodayInScience #Cancer #Biotech #DNA #GeneticEngineering

the history of cancer is a history of overhyped revolutionary new drugs, most of which have failed

OTOH, this sounds promising:
Suppose you have blood cell cancer
All blood cells express a protein CD45, that can be targeted with a toxin that kill alls the blood cells, healthy or cancerous

you then take petri dish blood stem cells engineered to lack CD45, and you give the patient a new set of stem cells !!

nature.com/articles/s41586-024

NatureSelective haematological cancer eradication with preserved haematopoiesis - NatureAn antibody–drug conjugate that targets the pan-haematopoietic marker CD45 combined with transplanted stem cells engineered to be shielded from it can eradicate leukaemic cells while preserving haematopoiesis.
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OddOpinions5

#TodayInScience
I think I understand this

Neomycin is an antibotic approved for use

note: this is work done in mice !!

If you put it in someones nose, neomycin somehow activates you body's antiviral mechanism called interferon, thus protecting you from different viruses

so this might be a cheap, relatively safe way to protect against viral infections that start in the nose

I would reserve judgement on this is till we see followup in humans, which IMO, >> 1 year

pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2319

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