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#EuropeanHistory

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#OnThisDay, 18 Apr 1905, Baroness Bertha von Suttner becomes the first woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize for her activism.

As well as writing an influential novel, Lay Down Your Arms (1889), she founded the German Peace Society in 1892. In 1907 she was the only woman to attend the Second Hague Peace Convention, and warned that Europe was heading for war once again.

#OnThisDay, 9 Apr 1944, Lise de Baissac returns to France to resume work as a Special Operations Executive courier. The British SOE supported the French resistance.

She gathered and passed on information, and took part in armed attacks. At one point she rented a room in a house occupied by the local commander of the German Forces.

Muriel Byck also arrives to be a SOE wireless operator. She dies of meningitis whilst still in France.

Very early #OnThisDay, 6 Apr 1944, Lillian Rolfe and Violette Szabo separately arrive in occupied France to work for the British Special Operations Executive (SEO). Rolfe is a wireless operator, Szabo a courier.

Szabo returns to the UK at the end of April but goes back to France in June 1944 and is captured. Rolfe is captured in July 1944.

They are executed together, by shooting, in Ravensbrück concentration camp in Feb 1945.

Why is a bridge in Sarajevo named after two women?

#OnThisDay, 5 Apr 1992, Suada Dilberović, a Muslim, and Olga Sučić, a Catholic, were killed whilst on a peace protest in Sarajevo during the outbreak of the Bosnian war. They are the first civilian casualties in what became the Siege of Sarajevo. The siege lasted 1,425 days, and over 5,000 civilians were killed during it.

The bridge they died on has been renamed in their memory.

🖥 Arturo Zoffman's lecture at Sabanci University on his new project, ‘The Constitutional Road to Dictatorship’, funded by the European Research Council, is available on YouTube.

The lecture took place in the context of Arturo's research stay funded by the Erasmus+ programme.

youtube.com/watch?v=4qvbh8iqg_

@histodons
@histodon

#OnThisDay, 22 Feb 1943, Sophie Scholl is sentenced to death and immediately executed, alongside her brother and a friend, for distributing anti-Nazi literature at her university in Munich, Germany.

Her cellmate said her last words to her were “how can we expect righteousness to prevail when there is hardly anyone willing to give himself up individually to a righteous cause... It is such a splendid sunny day, and I have to go.”

Cláudia Ninhos is one of the authors of the article ‘Travailleurs portugais et espagnols dans l'Allemagne nazie : trajectoires parallèles, chemins croisés’, published in the journal Exils et migrations ibériques aux XXe et XXIe siècles.

In it, the authors show how the life stories of Portuguese and Spanish labourers crossed paths several times in Nazi Germany.

👉 shs.cairn.info/revue-exils-et-

@histodons

#EuropeanHistory picks of the day:

➡️ @yvonne - Historian of medieval women & religion in Europe

➡️ @domwass@scholar.social (main) & @domwass@ramblingreaders.org (book reviews) - Medieval historian at University of Cologne (in German & English)

➡️ @BHO - Digital library of British history

➡️ @IHChistory - Multidisciplinary research institute in modern & contemporary history, Lisbon

➡️ @eseh - European Society for Environmental History

➡️ @bhp - British History Podcast

➡️ @OxMedStud - Oxford medieval studies platform

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Very early #OnThisDay, 23 Sept 1943, Pearl Witherington parachutes into Nazi-occupied France as a Special Operations Executive courier. The British SOE supported the French Resistance and a courier was tasked with moving papers and equipment around their network.

Witherington takes over leadership of her network, eventually commanding 1,500 maquis and overseeing the surrender of 18,000 German troops.